The final image in an astronomical telescope is MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
SHM definition: acceleration a ∝ -x (displacement), i.e., a = -ω²x. This restoring acceleration causes oscillatory motion. Constant acceleration implies uniformly accelerated motion (not oscillatory). Constant velocity implies no acceleration. Memory tip: 'SHM: a = -ω²x; force F = -kx (Hooke's law)'. This conceptual question tests fundamental SHM characteristics, frequently examined in competitive exams. Always link to examples: mass-spring system, simple pendulum (small angles), LC circuits.

Explanation:
Resolving power (minimum resolvable distance) d = λ/(2NA), where NA is numerical aperture. Oil immersion increases NA by matching refractive index between slide and objective, reducing light refraction and increasing light collection. Longer wavelength (A) decreases resolving power; decreasing NA (C) worsens resolution; magnification (D) doesn't affect fundamental resolution limit. Memory aid: 'Higher NA or shorter λ ⇒ better resolution'. This application question tests optical instrument knowledge, common in competitive exams. Always link resolution to wave nature of light (diffraction limit) and instrument design factors.

Explanation:
Zeeman effect: splitting due to magnetic field. Stark effect due to electric field.