The nucleus of an atom was discovered by MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Force = rate of change of momentum: F = Δp/Δt. Thus Δp = F × Δt = 10 N × 5 s = 50 kg·m/s. Since initial momentum was zero (body at rest), final momentum = 50 kg·m/s. Alternatively, acceleration a = F/m = 10/2 = 5 m/s², velocity after 5s: v = u + at = 0 + 5×5 = 25 m/s, momentum p = mv = 2×25 = 50 kg·m/s. Both methods confirm. Memory tip: Impulse (FΔt) equals change in momentum. This direct application of Newton's second law is essential for dynamics problems in competitive exams.

Explanation:
Pascal's law: F₁/A₁ = F₂/A₂ => F₂ = (A₂/A₁) F₁ = 10×20 = 200 N.

Explanation:
KE ∝ p². Double KE ⇒ p_new = √2 p_old ⇒ increase = (√2 - 1)×100% ≈ 41.4%. Memory tip: 'KE ∝ p²; %Δp ≈ ½ %ΔKE for small changes, but use exact for large'. Energy-momentum relation frequently tested in competitive exams.