The process of converting unsaturated hydrocarbons into saturated hydrocarbons by adding hydrogen is called: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

The process of converting unsaturated hydrocarbons into saturated hydrocarbons by adding hydrogen is called:
A. Halogenation
B. Polymerization
C. Substitution
D. Hydrogenation
Answer: Option D
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Hydrogenation is the addition of hydrogen to unsaturated compounds (like alkenes or alkynes) in the presence of a catalyst (like Ni, Pd, or Pt) to form saturated compounds (alkanes). For example, ethene + H₂ → ethane. This process is widely used in the food industry to solidify vegetable oils.

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Question #1
Which of the following is a renewable fuel source?
A. Natural gas
B. Biofuel
C. Coal
D. Petroleum

Correct Answer: Option B


Explanation:
Biofuels like ethanol (from sugarcane), biodiesel (from plant oils), and biogas (from organic waste) are renewable as they can be replenished within a human lifespan. Coal, petroleum, and natural gas are fossil fuels, formed over millions of years, and are non-renewable. Using renewable fuels helps reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Another renewable fuel is hydrogen produced from water electrolysis using solar power.

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Question #2
Which of the following gases contributes to the greenhouse effect?
A. Hydrogen
B. Carbon dioxide
C. Nitrogen
D. Oxygen

Correct Answer: Option B


Explanation:
CO₂ is a major greenhouse gas that absorbs infrared radiation and re-emits it, warming the atmosphere. Other GHGs: CH₄, N₂O, water vapor, CFCs. N₂ and O₂ are diatomic homonuclear molecules that do not absorb IR and are not GHGs. Hydrogen is not a GHG. The increase in CO₂ due to human activities is driving climate change.

This question belongs to: Science chemistry
Question #3
Which compound is used as a chemical sterilant and bleaching agent?
A. Hydrogen peroxide
B. Methanol
C. Acetone
D. Ethanol

Correct Answer: Option A


Explanation:
Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) is a strong oxidizing agent that kills microorganisms through oxidative damage and bleaches colored substances. It is used as a disinfectant (3% solution), in hair bleaching, and in the paper textile industry. Ethanol is a disinfectant but not a strong bleaching agent. Methanol is toxic, not used for sterilization. Acetone is a solvent.

This question belongs to: Science chemistry