The process of depositing a thin layer of a metal on an object using electricity is called:
A. Electrolysis
B. Electrometallurgy
C. Electroplating
D. Electrorefining
Answer: Option C
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Electroplating is the application of electrolytic cells to deposit a thin, protective, or decorative layer of a metal (like gold, silver, or chromium) onto a conductive object. Electrolysis is the general process of using electricity to drive a non-spontaneous chemical reaction.
Explanation:
Petroleum (crude oil) and natural gas are formed from the remains of tiny marine organisms (plankton) that settled on the seabed, buried under sediment, and transformed by heat and pressure over millions of years. Coal is formed from terrestrial plant material in swampy conditions. Biogas is produced by anaerobic decomposition of organic waste. Charcoal is produced by destructive distillation of wood.
Explanation:
The element with atomic number 13 is Aluminum. Its electronic configuration is 2, 8, 3. Since it has 3 electrons in its outermost shell, it loses these 3 electrons to achieve a stable octet configuration, making its valency 3. It forms Al³⁺ ions in chemical compounds.
Explanation:
MnO₂ oxidizes HCl (Cl⁻ to Cl₂) while itself being reduced (Mn⁴⁺ to Mn²⁺). Oxidizing agent (oxidant) accepts electrons and gets reduced. Here, MnO₂ accepts electrons from Cl⁻. HCl is the reducing agent (reductant) as it loses electrons. This reaction was used by Scheele to discover chlorine. Exam tip: The substance reduced is the oxidizing agent; the substance oxidized is the reducing agent.
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