Explanation:
Conservative forces (gravity, spring, electrostatic) have path-independent work; work done over any closed loop is zero. This defines conservative forces and enables potential energy definition. Non-conservative forces (friction) have non-zero closed-path work. Memory aid: 'Conservative force: ∮F·dr = 0; enables energy conservation'. This mechanics concept is frequently tested in competitive exams. Always link conservative forces to potential energy and mechanical energy conservation; this is foundational for advanced physics problem-solving.
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