Two miscible liquids with a boiling point difference of less than 25 K can be separated by:
A. Fractional distillation
B. Separating funnel
C. Simple distillation
D. Crystallization
Answer: Option A
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Fractional distillation is used when the boiling points differ by less than 25 K. A fractionating column provides repeated condensation–vaporization cycles, improving separation. Example: separation of petrol, kerosene from crude oil. Simple distillation works if difference > 25 K. Separating funnel separates immiscible liquids. Crystallization purifies solids. Exam note: Fractionating column packed with glass beads increases surface area.
Explanation:
An electrolyte is a substance that produces ions when dissolved in water or melted, allowing the solution to conduct electricity. Aqueous NaCl dissociates into Na⁺ and Cl⁻ ions. Distilled water, sugar, and ethanol do not form ions in solution and are therefore non-electrolytes.
Explanation:
In K2Cr2O7, potassium has an oxidation state of +1 and oxygen is -2. Let the oxidation state of Cr be x. The sum of oxidation states in a neutral molecule is zero: 2(+1) + 2(x) + 7(-2) = 0. Solving this gives 2 + 2x - 14 = 0, so 2x = 12, and x = +6.
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