Which famous physicist correctly formulated the laws of electromagnetic induction mathematically, later synthesizing all known electromagnetic phenomena into four fundamental equations? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
SHM definition: acceleration a ∝ -x (displacement), i.e., a = -ω²x. This restoring acceleration causes oscillatory motion. Constant acceleration implies uniformly accelerated motion (not oscillatory). Constant velocity implies no acceleration. Memory tip: 'SHM: a = -ω²x; force F = -kx (Hooke's law)'. This conceptual question tests fundamental SHM characteristics, frequently examined in competitive exams. Always link to examples: mass-spring system, simple pendulum (small angles), LC circuits.

Explanation:
For an Atwood machine, the common acceleration of both masses is given by the formula a = [(M1 - M2) / (M1 + M2)] * g. Substituting the given values: a = [(3 - 2) / (3 + 2)] * 10 = (1 / 5) * 10 = 2 m/s^2. The heavier mass accelerates downwards, the lighter one upwards.

Explanation:
R ∝ L/A. New L'=2L, A'=A/2 => R' = ρ(2L)/(A/2) = 4ρL/A = 4R. Alternatively, volume constant? Not given, here both changed independently. So 4R.