Explanation:
Graphite is used in electrodes (due to electrical conductivity) and as a moderator in nuclear reactors (to slow down neutrons). It is chemically stable and can withstand high temperatures. Diamond is an insulator. Fullerene is a nanomaterial. Charcoal is used as adsorbent and fuel. Graphite blocks are used in RBMK reactors (like Chernobyl) and in advanced gas-cooled reactors.
Explanation:
In Fe₂O₃, oxygen has valency 2. Two Fe atoms combined with three O atoms: total negative charge = 6. For two Fe, total positive = 6, so each Fe has +3. Valency = 3 (ferric). In FeO, valency is 2 (ferrous).
Explanation:
Plaster of Paris is calcium sulfate hemihydrate, CaSO₄·½H₂O. It is prepared by heating gypsum (CaSO₄·2H₂O) at 373 K. It sets with water to form gypsum.
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