Group 17 (F, Cl, Br, I, At) are halogens (salt formers). They have 7 valence electrons, high electronegativity, and are highly reactive non-metals. Group 1 are alkali metals, 18 noble gases, 2 alkaline earth metals.
Explanation:
In a covalent bond, atoms share pairs of electrons; the shared electrons are attracted to the nuclei of both atoms, holding them together. Ionic bonds involve electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions.
Explanation:
Vinegar is a 4-8% solution of acetic acid (CH₃COOH) in water. Formic acid is in ant sting, citric in citrus fruits, lactic in curd. Acetic acid is used as preservative and condiment.
Explanation:
Isoelectronic species have the same total number of electrons. Carbon monoxide (CO) has 6 (from C) + 8 (from O) = 14 electrons. Nitrogen molecule (N2) has 7 + 7 = 14 electrons. Therefore, N2 is isoelectronic with CO. O2 has 16, CO2 has 22, and NO has 15 electrons.
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