Which of the following is a saturated carbon compound?
A. C₂H₄
B. C₃H₆
C. C₂H₂
D. C₄H₁₀
Answer: Option D
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
C₄H₁₀ (butane) follows CnH₂n+2, indicating no double or triple bonds, i.e., saturated alkane. C₂H₄ is ethene (alkene), C₃H₆ could be propene or cycloalkane (but alkene formula), C₂H₂ is ethyne (alkyne). Saturated hydrocarbons contain only single bonds and undergo substitution reactions.
Explanation:
Graham's law: Rate of diffusion/effusion ∝ 1/√M, where M is molar mass. Lighter gases diffuse faster. At same T and P, rates of two gases r₁/r₂ = √(M₂/M₁). Example: NH₃ (17 g/mol) diffuses faster than HCl (36.5 g/mol). This law is used in isotope separation (e.g., ²³⁵UF₆ vs ²³⁸UF₆). The law assumes no intermolecular forces and identical conditions.
Explanation:
A small amount of ethanol (alcohol) is added to chloroform to inhibit its oxidation by air to toxic phosgene (COCl₂) and HCl. Ethanol acts as a negative catalyst (stabilizer) by consuming any formed phosgene. MnO₂, Pt, Fe are positive catalysts. Negative catalysts are also called inhibitors, used to prevent undesirable reactions.
Explanation:
Ozone (O₃) has one coordinate bond; a central oxygen donates a lone pair to another oxygen. CH₄, NH₃, H₂O have ordinary covalent bonds, though NH₃ can donate a pair to form NH₄⁺.
No comments yet. Be the first to start the discussion!