Explanation:
Electric generators convert mechanical energy to electrical energy using electromagnetic induction: rotating a coil in magnetic field (or vice versa) induces EMF due to changing magnetic flux. This is Faraday's law application. Motors use the reverse principle (force on current-carrying conductor in field). Memory tip: 'Generator: motion ⇒ electricity (induction); Motor: electricity ⇒ motion (force)'. This application question tests understanding of device principles, common in competitive exams. Always distinguish generator (induction) from motor (Lorentz force) operation.
Explanation:
KE ∝ p². Double KE ⇒ p_new = √2 p_old ⇒ increase = (√2 - 1)×100% ≈ 41.4%. Memory tip: 'KE ∝ p²; %Δp ≈ ½ %ΔKE for small changes, but use exact for large'. Energy-momentum relation frequently tested in competitive exams.
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