Bauxite (Al₂O₃·2H₂O) is the primary ore of aluminum. Haematite (Fe₂O₃) is an ore of iron. Cinnabar (HgS) is an ore of mercury, and Galena (PbS) is an ore of lead. Bauxite is purified to alumina before being electrolyzed to extract pure aluminum metal.
Explanation:
The salt bridge (e.g., KCl-agar) allows migration of ions between half-cells, completing the circuit and maintaining charge neutrality. Without it, charge buildup would stop the reaction. It does not increase current or electrode potential. It prevents mixing of solutions. A porous membrane can also serve. Ions in the bridge must have similar mobility and not interfere with cell reactions.
Explanation:
(NH₄)₂SO₄ contains 21% nitrogen and 24% sulfur. Both are plant nutrients. It is a straight nitrogenous fertilizer with sulfur as secondary nutrient. It is especially useful for sulfur-deficient soils.
Consider the following statements: 1. A buffer solution resists changes in pH upon adding small amounts of acid or base. 2. A buffer is made of a strong acid and its conjugate base. Which is/are correct?
Explanation:
A buffer solution maintains a relatively constant pH when small amounts of strong acid or base are added. However, it is typically composed of a weak acid and its conjugate base (or a weak base and its conjugate acid). A strong acid completely dissociates and cannot form a buffer system. Thus, only statement 1 is correct.
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