Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an ideal gas?
A. Obeys PV = nRT at all conditions
B. Particles have strong attractive forces
C. No intermolecular forces
D. Particles have no volume
Answer: Option B
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Ideal gas assumptions: particles have negligible volume, no intermolecular forces, and elastic collisions. Real gases deviate due to finite molecular size and attractions. At high pressure and low temperature, real gases deviate significantly; van der Waals equation corrects. So having strong attractive forces is not an ideal gas property. Ideal gas law PV = nRT is a limiting law.
Explanation:
Atomic number 11 is sodium (Na). The electron shells fill as 2 in K, 8 in L, and the remaining 1 in M. Thus configuration is 2,8,1. It belongs to Group 1 (alkali metals) and Period 3. The configuration determines its valency (1) and reactivity.
Explanation:
Reverse osmosis uses a semipermeable membrane to reject dissolved salts and impurities. Filtration removes solids; chlorination/ozonation disinfect but do not remove salts.
Explanation:
Urea has about 46% N, highest among solid fertilizers. Ammonium sulfate 21%, sodium nitrate 16%, CAN about 25%. Urea is the most widely used nitrogen fertilizer.
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