Which scientist proposed the law of conservation of mass?
A. John Dalton
B. J. J. Thomson
C. Antoine Lavoisier
D. Ernest Rutherford
Answer: Option C
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Antoine Lavoisier is known as the father of modern chemistry and formulated the law of conservation of mass—mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction. Dalton's atomic theory supported this law. Thomson discovered electron. Rutherford discovered nucleus. Lavoisier also named oxygen and hydrogen and established the role of oxygen in combustion.
Explanation:
Petroleum gas, also known as natural gas associated with oil deposits, is primarily methane (CH₄) with smaller amounts of ethane, propane, and butane. LPG is propane and butane. Methane is the lightest hydrocarbon. It is separated and used as fuel (CNG) or petrochemical feedstock.
Explanation:
According to Boyle's Law (P₁V₁ = P₂V₂), pressure and volume are inversely proportional at constant temperature. If the volume is doubled (V₂ = 2V₁), the pressure must be halved (P₂ = P₁/2) to keep the product constant. This demonstrates the inverse relationship between P and V.
Explanation:
Graham's law of diffusion/effusion states that the rate of diffusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass. Lighter gases diffuse faster. This law helps in separating isotopes (e.g., ²³⁵U enrichment) and understanding gas behavior. Boyle's and Charles' deal with P-V-T relationships. Avogadro's deals with V and number of moles.
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