Who discovered that elements display unique crystalline patterns when rapidly frozen from molten metal matrices, founding physical Metallurgy? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Question

Who discovered that elements display unique crystalline patterns when rapidly frozen from molten metal matrices, founding physical Metallurgy?

A. Henry Clifton Sorby

B. Dmitri Mendeleev

C. Henry Bessemer

D. Antoine Lavoisier

Answer: Option A

Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)

Sorby applied microscopic analysis to polished iron and steel samples, establishing microstructure phase boundaries.

This question belongs to: Static General Knowledge Inventions and Discoveries

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Who discovered that light waves shift in frequency relative to the relative motion between the source and observer?

A. Christian Doppler

B. Edwin Hubble

C. Albert Einstein

D. Heinrich Hertz

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Christian Doppler proposed the Doppler Effect in 1842, which applies uniformly to both acoustic sound pitch adjustments and optical stellar shifts.

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Question #2

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Who discovered that electrical currents pass through vacuum cavities via discrete streams named 'Cathode Rays'?

A. J.J. Thomson

B. Michael Faraday

C. William Crookes and Julius Plücker

D. Wilhelm Röntgen

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Plücker observed early glow phenomena, and Crookes engineered highly evacuated discharge tubes to isolate ray behaviors.

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Question #3

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Who invented the first operational safety air-brake system for high-speed railway trains?

A. Elisha Otis

B. George Stephenson

C. James Watt

D. George Westinghouse

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
George Westinghouse patented the compressed-air brake in 1869, automating uniform halting across all train cars simultaneously.

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