A wave in which particles vibrate perpendicular to direction of propagation is MCQ with Answer and Explanation

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A wave in which particles vibrate perpendicular to direction of propagation is

A. Transverse

B. Both A and C

C. Sound wave in air

D. Longitudinal

Answer: Option A

Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)

Transverse: e.g., light, waves on string. Sound in air longitudinal.

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In a nuclear reactor, what is the function of the moderator (like heavy water or graphite)?

A. To slow down the fast-moving neutrons so they can cause further fission.

B. To act as the nuclear fuel.

C. To transport heat away from the reactor core.

D. To absorb excess neutrons to stop the chain reaction.

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Uranium-235 undergoes fission most efficiently when struck by slow-moving (thermal) neutrons. However, fission reactions release very fast-moving neutrons. The moderator (like graphite or heavy water) collides with these fast neutrons to slow them down without absorbing them, sustaining the controlled chain reaction. Control rods (cadmium/boron) are used to absorb excess neutrons.

This question belongs to: Science Physics