Alexander Fleming discovered the antibiotic penicillin from the fungus: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Alexander Fleming discovered the antibiotic penicillin from the fungus:
A. Penicillium chrysogenum
B. Saccharomyces cerevisiae
C. Agaricus bisporus
D. Aspergillus fumigatus
Answer: Option A
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Fleming accidentally discovered penicillin in 1928 when a mold contaminant (later identified as Penicillium notatum/now Penicillium chrysogenum) inhibited bacterial growth. This led to the first widely used antibiotic. Aspergillus species produce some toxins and acids, Saccharomyces is yeast, Agaricus bisporus is the common mushroom. Penicillin acts by disrupting bacterial cell wall synthesis.

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Practice More Biology Questions

Question #1
The respiratory centre in the human brain is located in the:
A. Cerebellum
B. Hypothalamus
C. Medulla oblongata
D. Cerebrum

Correct Answer: Option C


Explanation:
The medulla oblongata contains the respiratory rhythmicity centre that controls the rate and depth of breathing. The pons also has pneumotaxic and apneustic centres influencing breathing. The cerebrum can exert voluntary control, cerebellum coordinates movement, and hypothalamus regulates homeostasis.

This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #2
The theory of 'use and disuse' was proposed by:
A. Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
B. Alfred Wallace
C. August Weismann
D. Charles Darwin

Correct Answer: Option A


Explanation:
Lamarck proposed that organs used extensively develop and those not used degenerate, and these acquired traits are inherited (inheritance of acquired characters). Darwin's theory is natural selection, Wallace independently proposed natural selection, Weismann disproved Lamarckism.

This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #3
Which of the following vitamins is a water-soluble vitamin that acts as a coenzyme in the metabolism of amino acids and fatty acids?
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)
C. Vitamin K
D. Vitamin D

Correct Answer: Option B


Explanation:
Vitamin B6, in its active form pyridoxal phosphate (PLP), is a crucial water-soluble coenzyme involved in over 100 enzymatic reactions, primarily in amino acid metabolism (transamination, decarboxylation) and fatty acid metabolism. It is also essential for neurotransmitter synthesis and hemoglobin formation. Vitamins A, D, and K are fat-soluble vitamins. Exam tip: B-complex and C are water-soluble; A, D, E, K are fat-soluble.

This question belongs to: Science Biology