Ammonia gas is manufactured by the Haber process. The catalyst employed is:
A. Fe
B. V₂O₅
C. Ni
D. Pt
Answer: Option A
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Haber process: N₂ + 3H₂ ⇌ 2NH₃, conditions: 400-450°C, 200 atm, finely divided iron with promoters (K₂O, Al₂O₃). Pt is used in Ostwald process for HNO₃; V₂O₅ in Contact process for H₂SO₄.
Explanation:
Iodine sublimes on heating, converting to vapor, leaving sand behind. Iodine vapors can be condensed. Filtration cannot separate two solids; distillation for liquids.
Explanation:
Calcination is the process of heating a concentrated ore strongly in the absence or limited supply of air. It is typically used for carbonate ores to drive off volatile impurities like CO₂ and H₂O (e.g., CaCO₃ → CaO + CO₂). Roasting is done in the presence of excess air.
Explanation:
At anode (oxidation): 2Cl⁻ → Cl₂ + 2e⁻ (chlorine gas). At cathode (reduction): Na⁺ + e⁻ → Na (liquid sodium). In aqueous NaCl, due to water, cathode produces H₂ and anode Cl₂ (or O₂ depending on concentration).
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