Cyber Security MCQs with Answers and Explanations

Question #141

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What is the difference between a virus and a worm?

A. A worm requires user action to spread, while a virus does not

B. A virus requires a host program to spread, while a worm is self-contained

C. There is no difference

D. A virus is always more harmful than a worm

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
A virus attaches itself to a host program or file to replicate, while a worm is a standalone program that replicates and spreads on its own.

This question belongs to: Computer Cyber Security

Question #142

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What is 'social engineering' in cybersecurity?

A. The use of technical hacking tools

B. The process of encrypting data

C. A type of firewall

D. The psychological manipulation of people to divulge confidential information

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Social engineering is a manipulation technique that exploits human error to gain access to private information or systems.

This question belongs to: Computer Cyber Security

Question #143

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Which of the following is a characteristic of a strong password?

A. Includes a combination of uppercase, lowercase, numbers, and special characters

B. Contains only lowercase letters

C. Is shorter than 8 characters

D. Is a common word like 'password'

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
A strong password includes a mix of uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, and special characters to increase complexity and resistance to brute-force attacks.

This question belongs to: Computer Cyber Security

Question #144

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What does 'ethical hacking' refer to?

A. Hacking without any permission

B. Hacking performed with the permission of the system owner to identify vulnerabilities

C. Hacking for financial gain

D. Hacking to cause damage to systems

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Ethical hacking is authorized hacking conducted to identify and fix security weaknesses in a system, with the goal of strengthening security.

This question belongs to: Computer Cyber Security

Question #145

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Which of the following is a type of DoS (Denial-of-Service) attack?

A. SQL injection

B. Phishing

C. Installing a Trojan

D. Flooding a network with traffic to make it unavailable

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
A Denial-of-Service (DoS) attack aims to make a service or network unavailable by overwhelming it with a flood of traffic.

This question belongs to: Computer Cyber Security

Question #146

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What is the purpose of a VPN (Virtual Private Network)?

A. To detect viruses

B. To increase internet speed

C. To create a secure, encrypted connection over a less secure network

D. To block all incoming traffic

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
A VPN extends a private network across a public network, allowing users to send and receive data as if they were directly connected to the private network, with encryption for security.

This question belongs to: Computer Cyber Security

Question #147

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Which type of malware is designed to secretly observe a user's activities without their knowledge?

A. Worm

B. Spyware

C. Ransomware

D. Virus

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Spyware is a type of malware that covertly gathers information about a user's activities, such as keystrokes or browsing habits, without their consent.

This question belongs to: Computer Cyber Security

Question #148

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What is the role of a digital signature in cybersecurity?

A. To compress a file

B. To speed up data transmission

C. To provide authentication and integrity of a digital message

D. To encrypt a message

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
A digital signature is a mathematical scheme for verifying the authenticity and integrity of a digital message or document, ensuring it has not been altered.

This question belongs to: Computer Cyber Security

Question #149

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Which of the following is an example of a physical security measure in cybersecurity?

A. Using biometric access controls to a data center

B. Implementing a firewall

C. Installing antivirus software

D. Using encryption

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Biometric access controls, such as fingerprint or iris scanners, are physical security measures that restrict physical access to sensitive areas like data centers.

This question belongs to: Computer Cyber Security

Question #150

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What is 'zero-day vulnerability'?

A. A vulnerability that only affects older systems

B. A vulnerability that is easy to fix

C. A vulnerability that has been known for a long time

D. A software vulnerability that is unknown to the vendor and has no patch

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
A zero-day vulnerability is a flaw in software that is unknown to the vendor, meaning there is no official patch available at the time it is discovered.

This question belongs to: Computer Cyber Security

Question #151

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What is the primary goal of cybersecurity?

A. To monitor all user activities

B. To increase system complexity

C. To make systems completely impenetrable

D. To protect systems, networks, and data from digital attacks

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
The primary goal of cybersecurity is to protect information and systems from unauthorized access, damage, or attack, ensuring the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data.

This question belongs to: Computer Cyber Security

Question #152

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Which of the following is a form of identity theft?

A. Using a firewall

B. Using a stolen credit card to make purchases

C. Installing a virus

D. Sending spam emails

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Identity theft involves using someone else's personal information, such as a credit card number, without their permission to commit fraud.

This question belongs to: Computer Cyber Security

Question #153

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What does 'HTTPS' stand for in a URL?

A. Hypertext Transfer Protocol Standard

B. Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure

C. High Transfer Protocol Secure

D. Hypertext Transmission Protocol Secure

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
HTTPS stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure, which is the secure version of HTTP, encrypting data between the browser and the website.

This question belongs to: Computer Cyber Security

Question #154

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Which of the following is a type of malware that displays unwanted advertisements?

A. Adware

B. Spyware

C. Trojan

D. Ransomware

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Adware is a type of malware that automatically displays or downloads unwanted advertisements, often without the user's consent.

This question belongs to: Computer Cyber Security

Question #155

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What is the purpose of a CAPTCHA on a website?

A. To display advertisements

B. To speed up page loading

C. To distinguish between human users and automated bots

D. To encrypt user data

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
CAPTCHA is a test used to determine whether a user is human, helping to prevent automated bots from performing malicious actions like spamming or brute-force attacks.

This question belongs to: Computer Cyber Security

Question #156

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Which of the following is a common method to secure a Wi-Fi network?

A. Disabling encryption

B. Using an open network

C. Sharing the password publicly

D. Disabling SSID broadcast

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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Disabling SSID broadcast is a security measure that hides the network name, making it less visible to casual attackers.

This question belongs to: Computer Cyber Security

Question #157

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What is 'SQL injection'?

A. A physical attack on a server

B. A type of social engineering

C. A technique to insert malicious SQL code into a query to manipulate a database

D. A method to inject a virus into a system

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
SQL injection is a code injection technique that exploits vulnerabilities in an application's database layer, allowing attackers to execute malicious SQL statements.

This question belongs to: Computer Cyber Security

Question #158

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Which of the following is a characteristic of a Trojan Horse?

A. It encrypts files for ransom

B. It is always harmless

C. It disguises itself as a legitimate program

D. It replicates itself without user intervention

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
A Trojan Horse is a type of malware that appears to be a legitimate program but contains malicious code, tricking users into installing it.

This question belongs to: Computer Cyber Security

Question #159

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What is 'biometric authentication'?

A. Using a password to log in

B. Using physical characteristics like fingerprints or facial recognition for identity verification

C. Using a security token

D. Using a one-time password

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Biometric authentication uses unique physical characteristics, such as fingerprints, iris patterns, or facial features, to verify a user's identity.

This question belongs to: Computer Cyber Security

Question #160

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Which of the following is a type of cyber attack that targets a specific individual or organization with personalized phishing?

A. Vishing

B. Whaling

C. Spear phishing

D. Smishing

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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Spear phishing is a targeted phishing attack directed at a specific individual or organization, often with personalized information to increase credibility.

This question belongs to: Computer Cyber Security

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