Consider statements about gymnosperms: 1. They bear naked seeds. 2. They are mostly evergreen trees. 3. They undergo double fertilization. Which are correct? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

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Consider statements about gymnosperms: 1. They bear naked seeds. 2. They are mostly evergreen trees. 3. They undergo double fertilization. Which are correct?

A. 1 and 3 only

B. 1 and 2 only

C. 2 and 3 only

D. 1, 2 and 3

Answer: Option B

Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)

Gymnosperms are seed-producing plants where the ovules are not enclosed in an ovary; hence, the seeds are naked. They are predominantly perennial, evergreen, woody trees like pines and cedars. Double fertilization and the formation of triploid endosperm are unique characteristics of angiosperms, not gymnosperms. Thus, statements 1 and 2 are correct.

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The disease caused by the tapeworm Taenia solium is:

A. Trichinosis

B. Taeniasis

C. Ascariasis

D. Filariasis

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Taeniasis is intestinal infection with adult Taenia solium (pork tapeworm). Cysticercosis is when larvae infect tissues. Ascariasis is roundworm, filariasis nematode, trichinosis Trichinella.

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Question #2

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The term used for organisms that can synthesize their own food from inorganic substances is:

A. Heterotrophs

B. Autotrophs

C. Parasites

D. Saprotrophs

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Autotrophs (self-feeders) include photoautotrophs (plants, algae, cyanobacteria) and chemoautotrophs (some bacteria). They produce organic matter from CO₂. Heterotrophs depend on others, saprotrophs decompose dead matter, parasites live on hosts.

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Question #3

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The Miller-Urey experiment simulated the primitive Earth's atmosphere. The mixture of gases used in the experiment was:

A. CO2, N2, H2O, and O2

B. CH4, NH3, H2, and H2O (vapor)

C. CH4, CO2, N2, and H2O

D. CO2, NH3, H2O, and O2

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
In 1953, Stanley Miller and Harold Urey conducted an experiment to test the Oparin-Haldane hypothesis of chemical evolution. They simulated the reducing atmosphere of primitive Earth, which they believed lacked free oxygen. The gas mixture used was methane (CH4), ammonia (NH3), hydrogen (H2), and water vapor (H2O). By applying electrical sparks (simulating lightning), they successfully synthesized amino acids and other organic compounds.

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