Consider statements about human nutrition: 1. Carbohydrates are the primary energy source. 2. Proteins are made of fatty acids. 3. Vitamins are required in large quantities. Which are correct? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Growth hormone (somatotropin) stimulates protein synthesis, cell division, and growth of bones and muscles, especially during childhood. Thyroxine regulates metabolism, cortisol is a stress hormone from the adrenal cortex, adrenaline is from the adrenal medulla. GH deficiency leads to dwarfism; excess causes gigantism or acromegaly.

Explanation:
In 1953, Stanley Miller and Harold Urey conducted an experiment to test the Oparin-Haldane hypothesis of chemical evolution. They simulated the reducing atmosphere of primitive Earth, which they believed lacked free oxygen. The gas mixture used was methane (CH4), ammonia (NH3), hydrogen (H2), and water vapor (H2O). By applying electrical sparks (simulating lightning), they successfully synthesized amino acids and other organic compounds.

Explanation:
The vermiform appendix is a remnant of the cecum in herbivorous ancestors, now with minor immune function, thus considered vestigial.