Detergents are preferred over soaps in hard water because they:
A. Contain more carbon
B. Are natural
C. Form soluble calcium and magnesium salts
D. Are cheaper
Answer: Option C
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Detergents (e.g., sulfonates) do not precipitate with Ca²⁺/Mg²⁺, so they lather well in hard water. Soaps form insoluble scum. This is a major advantage.
Explanation:
Atomic number 15 is phosphorus. Electronic configuration: 2, 8, 5. Number of shells = 3 (Period 3). Valence electrons = 5, so it is in group 15 (10+5) for p-block elements. Group 5 is for d-block. Thus Group 15, Period 3.
Explanation:
Terylene is a synthetic fiber belonging to the polyester family. Chemically, it is polyethylene terephthalate (PET), formed by the condensation polymerization of ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid. It is widely used in textiles, plastic bottles, and recording tapes.
Explanation:
Sodium acetate (CH₃COONa) is a salt of weak acid (acetic acid) and strong base (NaOH). It hydrolyzes to produce OH⁻ ions: CH₃COO⁻ + H₂O ⇌ CH₃COOH + OH⁻, making the solution basic. NaCl (strong acid-strong base) neutral. NH₄Cl (strong acid-weak base) acidic. NaNO₃ neutral. Basic salts turn red litmus blue.
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