In elastic collision, which quantity is always conserved? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

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In elastic collision, which quantity is always conserved?

A. Kinetic energy only

B. Momentum only

C. Both momentum and kinetic energy

D. Velocity

Answer: Option C

Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)

Elastic collisions conserve both total momentum and total kinetic energy. Inelastic collisions conserve only momentum. This distinction is fundamental in collision analysis. Memory aid: 'Elastic = KE + momentum conserved; Inelastic = momentum only'. Frequently tested concept to differentiate collision types in competitive exam mechanics sections.

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Question #1

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Assertion (A): The velocity of sound is greater in solids than in gases. Reason (R): Solids possess higher elasticity compared to gases.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

B. A is true but R is false.

C. A is false but R is true.

D. Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A.

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
The velocity of sound in a medium is determined by the formula v = √(E/ρ), where E is the modulus of elasticity and ρ is the density. Although solids are denser, their modulus of elasticity (bulk modulus) is tremendously higher than that of gases, overwhelmingly compensating for the density. Hence, sound travels fastest in solids.

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Question #2

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An electric heater of resistance 10 Ω draws current 5 A. Power consumed is

A. 500 W

B. 250 W

C. 50 W

D. 2 W

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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
P = I²R = 5² × 10 = 25 × 10 = 250 W. Also P = VI, but V not given. Can find V = IR = 50 V, then P = 50×5 = 250 W.

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Question #3

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The phenomenon of bouncing back of light from a surface is called

A. Reflection

B. Refraction

C. Dispersion

D. Diffraction

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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Reflection: light returns into same medium. Laws: angle i = angle r. Refraction is bending into another medium. Dispersion splitting colours. Diffraction spreading around obstacles.

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