Inventions and Discoveries MCQs

Static General Knowledge

Inventions and Discoveries MCQs

Practice Inventions and Discoveries MCQs with answers and detailed explanations covering famous inventors, scientific discoveries, technological innovations, important inventions, groundbreaking research, Nobel-winning discoveries and contributions to science and technology frequently asked in SSC, Railway, Banking, UPSC, JKSSB, Police, Defence, Teaching and other competitive examinations.

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Question #101
Who discovered the exact value of the charge of an electron through the famous Oil-Drop Experiment?
A. Ernest Rutherford
B. J.J. Thomson
C. Max Planck
D. Robert Millikan
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Robert A. Millikan measured the elementary electric charge of electrons using balanced oil droplets in 1909.
This question belongs to: Static General Knowledge Inventions and Discoveries
Question #102
Who invented the multi-matrix code known as the QR (Quick Response) Code in 1994?
A. Alan Turing
B. Norman Joseph Woodland
C. Masahiro Hara
D. Tim Berners-Lee
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Masahiro Hara from the Japanese company Denso Wave invented the QR code in 1994 to track automobile components during assembly.
This question belongs to: Static General Knowledge Inventions and Discoveries
Question #103
The concept of Continental Drift was proposed by which scientist in 1912?
A. Alfred Wegener
B. Charles Lyell
C. Harry Hess
D. James Hutton
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Alfred Wegener published the hypothesis that continents were once joined in a supercontinent named Pangaea and drifted apart.
This question belongs to: Static General Knowledge Inventions and Discoveries
Question #104
Who discovered the phenomenon of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), which forms the basis of modern MRI scanners?
A. Paul Lauterbur
B. Felix Bloch
C. Isidor Isaac Rabi
D. Peter Mansfield
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Isidor Isaac Rabi discovered nuclear magnetic resonance in 1938, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1944.
This question belongs to: Static General Knowledge Inventions and Discoveries
Question #105
Who invented the first practical, safe, non-flickering miner's safety lamp alongside Humphry Davy?
A. Robert Fulton
B. James Watt
C. Thomas Newcomen
D. George Stephenson
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
George Stephenson independently invented a similar safety lamp (Geordie lamp) in 1815, around the exact same time as Davy.
This question belongs to: Static General Knowledge Inventions and Discoveries
Question #106
Who discovered Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) and its role in preventing scurvy, winning a Nobel Prize in 1937?
A. Frederick Hopkins
B. Casimir Funk
C. Albert Szent-Györgyi
D. Linus Pauling
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Albert Szent-Györgyi isolated Vitamin C and discovered its metabolic components, receiving the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
This question belongs to: Static General Knowledge Inventions and Discoveries
Question #107
The invention of the diesel engine is named after which German mechanical engineer?
A. Gottlieb Daimler
B. Karl Benz
C. Nikolaus Otto
D. Rudolf Diesel
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Rudolf Diesel designed a high-efficiency compression-ignition internal combustion engine, patented in 1893.
This question belongs to: Static General Knowledge Inventions and Discoveries
Question #108
Who discovered the existence of infrared radiation in sunlight in 1800 using thermometers and a prism?
A. James Clerk Maxwell
B. Heinrich Hertz
C. Johann Wilhelm Ritter
D. William Herschel
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
William Herschel discovered infrared light by measuring the temperature rise just beyond the red end of the visible spectrum.
This question belongs to: Static General Knowledge Inventions and Discoveries
Question #109
Who discovered ultraviolet radiation in 1801, shortly after Herschel's discovery of infrared?
A. Heinrich Hertz
B. Wilhelm Röntgen
C. Johann Wilhelm Ritter
D. William Herschel
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Johann Wilhelm Ritter discovered 'chemical rays' (ultraviolet light) by observing how silver chloride reacted to invisible rays past the violet spectrum.
This question belongs to: Static General Knowledge Inventions and Discoveries
Question #110
The first electronic programmable digital computer, ENIAC, was designed by whom?
A. Charles Babbage
B. John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert
C. Alan Turing
D. John von Neumann
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) was constructed by Mauchly and Eckert at the University of Pennsylvania in 1945.
This question belongs to: Static General Knowledge Inventions and Discoveries
Question #111
Who discovered the citric acid cycle (also known as the Krebs cycle) in cellular respiration?
A. Arthur Kornberg
B. Louis Pasteur
C. Hans Adolf Krebs
D. Melvin Calvin
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Hans Adolf Krebs discovered the metabolic pathway of energy conversion in cells in 1937, winning the Nobel Prize in 1953.
This question belongs to: Static General Knowledge Inventions and Discoveries
Question #112
Who invented the first practical modern revolver firearm in 1836?
A. Richard Gatling
B. Oliver Winchester
C. Samuel Colt
D. John Browning
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Samuel Colt patented the revolving cylinder pistol mechanism that allowed multiple shots to be fired without manual reloading.
This question belongs to: Static General Knowledge Inventions and Discoveries
Question #113
The fundamental principle of fluid mechanics stating that internal pressure drops as fluid velocity increases was discovered by whom?
A. Isaac Newton
B. Archimedes
C. Blaise Pascal
D. Daniel Bernoulli
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Daniel Bernoulli published Bernoulli's Principle in his book 'Hydrodynamica' in 1738.
This question belongs to: Static General Knowledge Inventions and Discoveries
Question #114
Who discovered the phenomenon of piezoelectricity in crystals in 1880?
A. Marie Curie
B. Wilhelm Röntgen
C. Heinrich Hertz
D. Pierre and Jacques Curie
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Brothers Pierre and Jacques Curie discovered that physical stress applied to certain crystals generates an electric charge.
This question belongs to: Static General Knowledge Inventions and Discoveries
Question #115
Who invented the first operational hot air balloon, executing the first recorded human flight?
A. Montgolfier Brothers
B. Wright Brothers
C. Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin
D. Otto Lilienthal
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Joseph-Michel and Jacques-Étienne Montgolfier developed and demonstrated the hot air balloon in France in 1783.
This question belongs to: Static General Knowledge Inventions and Discoveries
Question #116
Who discovered the true nature of combustion as an oxidation process, disproving the phlogiston theory?
A. Robert Boyle
B. Joseph Priestley
C. John Dalton
D. Antoine Lavoisier
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Antoine Lavoisier demonstrated that combustion involves elements chemically combining with oxygen.
This question belongs to: Static General Knowledge Inventions and Discoveries
Question #117
The invention of synthetic nylon fiber, which replaced silk in textiles, was led by which chemist at DuPont?
A. Roy Plunkett
B. Stephanie Kwolek
C. Wallace Carothers
D. Leo Baekeland
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Wallace Carothers invented Nylon (Polyamide 6,6) and Neoprene synthetic rubber in the 1930s.
This question belongs to: Static General Knowledge Inventions and Discoveries
Question #118
Who discovered the positron (the antiparticle of the electron) in 1932?
A. Paul Dirac
B. James Chadwick
C. Carl Anderson
D. Robert Millikan
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Carl David Anderson discovered the positron using a cloud chamber to analyze cosmic rays, confirming Paul Dirac's theoretical prediction.
This question belongs to: Static General Knowledge Inventions and Discoveries
Question #119
The invention of the modern calendar system used globally today, the Gregorian Calendar, was introduced by which pope in 1582?
A. Pope Urban II
B. Pope Gregory VII
C. Pope Gregory XIII
D. Pope Julius II
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Pope Gregory XIII decreed the modification of the older Julian calendar to fix errors regarding the length of the solar year.
This question belongs to: Static General Knowledge Inventions and Discoveries
Question #120
Who discovered the specific virus responsible for causing AIDS (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)?
A. Luc Montagnier and Robert Gallo
B. Jonas Salk
C. David Baltimore
D. Howard Temin
Discuss
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Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Luc Montagnier and Robert Gallo isolated and identified the retrovirus HIV as the causative agent behind AIDS in the 1880s.
This question belongs to: Static General Knowledge Inventions and Discoveries

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