The 'Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty' experiment in 1944 provided strong evidence that: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

The 'Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty' experiment in 1944 provided strong evidence that:
A. DNA is the genetic material
B. Proteins are the genetic material
C. RNA is the genetic material in some viruses
D. Lipids are the genetic material
Answer: Option A
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
In 1944, Oswald Avery, Colin MacLeod, and Maclyn McCarty conducted a landmark experiment building on Griffith's transformation experiment. They purified various macromolecules (DNA, RNA, proteins, lipids) from the virulent S strain of Streptococcus pneumoniae and tested which one could transform the non-virulent R strain into the virulent form. They found that only DNA could cause transformation, and this activity was destroyed by DNase but not by RNase or proteases. This provided the first strong, direct evidence that DNA, not protein, is the genetic material.

Discuss this Question (0)

No comments yet. Be the first to start the discussion!

Practice More Biology Questions

Question #1
Darwin's theory of evolution is primarily based on the concept of:
A. Natural selection and branching descent
B. Inheritance of acquired characters
C. Sudden large mutations
D. Use and disuse of organs

Correct Answer: Option A


Explanation:
Charles Darwin's theory of evolution, presented in 'On the Origin of Species' (1859), is based on two main concepts: branching descent (all organisms are related through common ancestry) and natural selection (survival of the fittest). Natural selection states that individuals with traits better suited to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing those traits to the next generation.

This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #2
Consider statements about nutrition: 1. Kwashiorkor is caused by protein deficiency. 2. Marasmus is caused by overall calorie deficiency. 3. Goiter is caused by iron deficiency. Which are correct?
A. 2 and 3 only
B. 1 and 3 only
C. 1 and 2 only
D. 1, 2 and 3

Correct Answer: Option C


Explanation:
Kwashiorkor is a severe form of malnutrition caused by inadequate protein intake despite sufficient calorie consumption. Marasmus results from a severe deficiency of both calories and protein, leading to extreme wasting. Goiter is the enlargement of the thyroid gland caused by iodine deficiency, not iron deficiency (which causes anemia). Thus, statements 1 and 2 are correct.

This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #3
Consider statements about human diseases: 1. Cholera is caused by a bacterium. 2. Polio is caused by a virus. 3. Ringworm is caused by a fungus. Which are correct?
A. 2 and 3 only
B. 1 and 3 only
C. 1 and 2 only
D. 1, 2 and 3

Correct Answer: Option D


Explanation:
Cholera is an acute diarrheal disease caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae, typically transmitted through contaminated water and food. Polio (poliomyelitis) is a highly infectious viral disease caused by the poliovirus, which can invade the nervous system and cause paralysis. Ringworm (dermatophytosis) is a common superficial fungal infection of the skin, hair, or nails caused by dermatophytes like Microsporum, Trichophyton, and Epidermophyton. All three statements correctly identify the causative agents.

This question belongs to: Science Biology