Binding energy per nucleon peaks around iron-56 (≈8.8 MeV/nucleon), making it the most stable nucleus. Lighter nuclei release energy via fusion; heavier via fission. Hydrogen has near-zero binding energy per nucleon; uranium ≈7.6 MeV/nucleon. Memory aid: 'Iron peak: most stable nucleus; fusion before, fission after'. This nuclear physics concept is frequently tested in competitive exams. Always link binding energy curve to energy release in stars (fusion) and reactors (fission).
Explanation:
In SHM, a = -ω²x, acceleration ∝ -displacement. Minus sign indicates direction towards mean position (restoring). Characteristic of SHM. Pendulum and spring-mass system exhibit SHM for small displacements.
Explanation:
First law of thermodynamics: Energy is conserved in an isolated system. It changes forms (kinetic to potential etc.) but total constant. Perpetual motion machine impossible.
Explanation:
Generator: coil rotated in magnetic field induces emf. Motor: opposite. Transformer: changes voltage, no moving parts. Rectifier: AC to DC.
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