The cell wall of bacteria is primarily composed of: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

The cell wall of bacteria is primarily composed of:
A. Cellulose
B. Silica
C. Peptidoglycan (Murein)
D. Chitin
Answer: Option C
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
The bacterial cell wall is a rigid structure that provides shape and protection. It is primarily composed of peptidoglycan (also known as murein), a polymer consisting of sugars and amino acids. Gram-positive bacteria have a thick peptidoglycan layer, while Gram-negative bacteria have a thinner peptidoglycan layer and an outer membrane. Cellulose is in plant walls, and chitin is in fungal walls.

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Question #1
The hormone that stimulates the Leydig cells to produce testosterone is:
A. FSH
B. LH
C. GnRH
D. Inhibin

Correct Answer: Option B


Explanation:
Luteinizing hormone (LH) binds to Leydig cells in the testes, stimulating them to produce and secrete testosterone. FSH stimulates Sertoli cells for spermatogenesis. GnRH from hypothalamus stimulates release of LH and FSH.

This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #2
The structure of DNA was discovered by:
A. Watson and Crick
B. Beadle and Tatum
C. Mendel and Morgan
D. Hershey and Chase

Correct Answer: Option A


Explanation:
James Watson and Francis Crick, in 1953, proposed the double helix model of DNA based on X-ray diffraction data from Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins. Mendel discovered laws of heredity, Morgan linked genes to chromosomes, Beadle and Tatum proposed one gene-one enzyme, Hershey and Chase confirmed DNA as genetic material.

This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #3
The process by which plants lose water in the form of liquid from hydathodes is:
A. Transpiration
B. Bleeding
C. Evaporation
D. Guttation

Correct Answer: Option D


Explanation:
Guttation is the exudation of water droplets containing dissolved minerals from hydathodes at leaf margins, driven by root pressure when transpiration is low. Transpiration is vapor loss, bleeding is sap from cut tissue.

This question belongs to: Science Biology