The codon AUG codes for: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Iodine deficiency impairs thyroid hormone synthesis, leading to elevated TSH and enlargement of the thyroid gland (goiter). Iodized salt prevents it.

Explanation:
In eukaryotes, complete oxidation of one glucose molecule via glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and electron transport chain yields a net of about 36-38 ATP molecules (depending on shuttle systems). Glycolysis yields 2 ATP, Krebs 2 ATP, and oxidative phosphorylation 32-34 ATP. This is much higher than anaerobic respiration (2 ATP).

Explanation:
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplifies a specific DNA segment exponentially using primers, DNA polymerase (Taq), and thermal cycling. Gel electrophoresis separates DNA by size, sequencing determines base order, microarray analyzes gene expression. PCR is crucial in cloning, diagnostics, and forensics.