The compound formed by transfer of electrons from a metal to a non-metal is: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Diamond has a three-dimensional network of strong covalent bonds between carbon atoms (sp³ hybridization). This giant covalent structure gives diamond its extreme hardness, high melting point, and electrical insulating property. Graphite also has covalent bonds within layers but conducts due to delocalized electrons. Ionic bonds are in NaCl, metallic bonds in metals, hydrogen bonds in water.

Explanation:
Ethanol is added to chloroform to inhibit its oxidation to phosgene (COCl₂) – a negative catalyst. Others are positive catalysts that speed up reactions.

Explanation:
Atomic number (Z) is the number of protons in the nucleus, which defines the identity of the element. In a neutral atom, the number of electrons equals Z. Neutrons contribute to mass number but not atomic number. Isotopes have same Z but different number of neutrons. Nucleons are total protons + neutrons = mass number. The modern periodic table is based on atomic number.