The conversion of ammonia (NH3) to nitrites (NO2-) and then to nitrates (NO3-) by bacteria is called:
A. Denitrification
B. Nitrification
C. Nitrogen fixation
D. Ammonification
Answer: Option B
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Nitrification is a two-step process in the nitrogen cycle where ammonia is oxidized to nitrates. First, ammonia (NH3) is converted to nitrites (NO2-) by bacteria like Nitrosomonas. Then, nitrites are converted to nitrates (NO3-) by bacteria like Nitrobacter. Nitrates are the primary form of nitrogen absorbed by plants. Denitrification is the reverse process, converting nitrates back to nitrogen gas.
Explanation:
The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body via the superior and inferior vena cavae. It then passes to the right ventricle, which pumps it to the lungs for oxygenation. The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via pulmonary veins, and the left ventricle pumps it to the body. Thus, the right atrium is the receiving chamber for systemic deoxygenated blood.
Explanation:
The sublingual glands are the smallest of the three paired salivary glands, located under the tongue. The parotid is near the ear, submandibular under the jaw.
Explanation:
Magnesium is the central atom in the porphyrin ring of chlorophyll, essential for light absorption in photosynthesis. Iron is in heme, calcium structural, cobalt in vitamin B₁₂.
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