The disease characterized by the inability to produce insulin is:
A. Cushing's syndrome
B. Type 1 diabetes mellitus
C. Diabetes insipidus
D. Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Answer: Option B
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disease where beta cells of the pancreas are destroyed, leading to little or no insulin production. Patients require insulin injections. Type 2 involves insulin resistance. Diabetes insipidus involves ADH deficiency, Cushing's syndrome is cortisol excess.
Explanation:
Beta cells of the islets of Langerhans secrete insulin, which lowers blood glucose. Alpha cells secrete glucagon (raises glucose), delta cells somatostatin, and acinar cells produce digestive enzymes.
Explanation:
HIV is a retrovirus with RNA genome and reverse transcriptase, which converts viral RNA into DNA. This defines retroviruses, and the reason correctly explains the assertion.
Explanation:
Meiosis involves two divisions, producing four haploid, genetically diverse cells. Crossing over between homologous chromosomes occurs during prophase I, leading to recombination. Thus, C is correct.
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