The First Law of Thermodynamics is essentially a specific application of which fundamental principle of physics? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

The First Law of Thermodynamics is essentially a specific application of which fundamental principle of physics?
A. Newton's Third Law
B. Conservation of Momentum
C. Conservation of Energy
D. Conservation of Mass
Answer: Option C
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
The first law of thermodynamics states that the heat supplied to a system (dQ) is equal to the change in its internal energy (dU) plus the work done by the system (dW): dQ = dU + dW. This is the law of conservation of energy applied to thermodynamic systems, stating that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or changed in form.

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Practice More Physics Questions

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The image formed by a plane mirror is
A. Real and erect
B. Real and inverted
C. Virtual and erect
D. Virtual and inverted

Correct Answer: Option C


Explanation:
Plane mirror forms virtual, erect, same size, laterally inverted image behind mirror. Used in periscope, looking glass. Distance behind mirror equals object distance.

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Microscope resolution improved by:
A. Lower magnification
B. Smaller numerical aperture
C. Oil immersion
D. Longer wavelength light

Correct Answer: Option C


Explanation:
Oil immersion increases numerical aperture (NA) by matching refractive indices, improving resolution d = λ/(2NA). Memory tip: 'Higher NA or shorter λ ⇒ better resolution'. Optical instrument concept frequently tested in competitive exams.

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Question #3
What happens to the pressure of a given mass of gas if its volume is halved at a constant temperature?
A. It is quadrupled.
B. It is halved.
C. It is doubled.
D. It remains unchanged.

Correct Answer: Option C


Explanation:
According to Boyle's Law, for a given mass of an ideal gas at constant temperature, the pressure is inversely proportional to its volume (P ∝ 1/V, or P1V1 = P2V2). If the volume is halved (V2 = V1/2), the pressure must double (P2 = 2P1) to keep the product constant.

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