The form of energy that directly powers the synthesis of ATP in chloroplasts is: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

The form of energy that directly powers the synthesis of ATP in chloroplasts is:
A. Chemical energy of glucose
B. Proton gradient (chemiosmosis)
C. Electric current
D. Light energy
Answer: Option B
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
In both mitochondria and chloroplasts, ATP synthase uses the energy stored in a proton gradient across a membrane (thylakoid membrane in chloroplasts, inner mitochondrial membrane) to drive the synthesis of ATP from ADP and Pi. This process is chemiosmosis, proposed by Peter Mitchell.

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Practice More Biology Questions

Question #1
In animal husbandry, the 'Murrah' breed is highly valued for its high milk yield and is a breed of:
A. Goat
B. Sheep
C. Cattle
D. Buffalo

Correct Answer: Option D


Explanation:
The Murrah is a premier breed of water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) originating from the Haryana and Punjab regions of India. It is renowned for its high milk yield, high fat content in milk, and adaptability to local conditions. It is one of the most important dairy breeds in India and has been exported worldwide for dairy improvement. Sahiwal and Holstein are cattle breeds.

This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #2
The type of plant tissue that has thin walls and functions in photosynthesis and storage is:
A. Collenchyma
B. Xylem
C. Sclerenchyma
D. Parenchyma

Correct Answer: Option D


Explanation:
Parenchyma cells are living, thin-walled, and isodiametric, making up the ground tissue of plants. They are involved in photosynthesis (chlorenchyma), storage, and secretion. Collenchyma provides support with uneven thickening, sclerenchyma has lignified walls and is often dead, xylem conducts water.

This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #3
The energy currency of the cell is:
A. FADH₂
B. Glucose
C. ATP
D. NADH

Correct Answer: Option C


Explanation:
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) stores and transfers energy in cells via high-energy phosphate bonds. Hydrolysis of ATP to ADP releases energy for endergonic reactions. Glucose and NADH/FADH₂ are energy sources but not direct energy carriers usable by most enzymes; ATP is the immediate energy donor.

This question belongs to: Science Biology