The genetic material in humans is organized as: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Gregor Mendel, through his pea plant experiments, established the fundamental laws of inheritance, earning him the title 'father of genetics'. Edward Jenner pioneered the concept of vaccination by developing the first successful smallpox vaccine using cowpox material. Charles Darwin proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection, not the cell theory (proposed by Schleiden and Schwann). Thus, statements 1 and 2 are correct.

Explanation:
Edward Jenner, in 1796, observed that milkmaids who had cowpox were immune to smallpox. He used material from cowpox lesions to inoculate a boy, who later proved immune to smallpox. This was the first successful vaccine. Rabies vaccine was developed by Louis Pasteur, polio vaccine by Jonas Salk, TB vaccine (BCG) by Calmette and Guérin. Smallpox has been eradicated globally.

Explanation:
Melanin, produced by melanocytes, absorbs and dissipates UV radiation, protecting skin cells from DNA damage. Keratin is structural protein, collagen provides strength, elastin elasticity. Increased melanin production causes tanning.