The half-life of a radioactive substance is 10 days. After 30 days, the fraction remaining undecayed is: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

The half-life of a radioactive substance is 10 days. After 30 days, the fraction remaining undecayed is:
A. 1/2
B. 1/8
C. 1/16
D. 1/3
Answer: Option B
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Number of half-lives n = total time / half-life = 30 days / 10 days = 3. Fraction remaining = (1/2)ⁿ = (1/2)³ = 1/8. This exponential decay law is fundamental in radioactivity. Memory tip: 'After n half-lives, fraction = 1/2ⁿ'. Competitive exams frequently test such calculations with varying time intervals. Always compute number of half-lives first. Note: Activity (decays per second) also reduces by same fraction. This problem assesses understanding of half-life concept beyond rote memorization.

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Laws of reflection state that:
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B. Light bends towards normal
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Correct Answer: Option D


Explanation:
Laws of reflection: (1) Angle of incidence (i) equals angle of reflection (r); (2) Incident ray, reflected ray, and normal at point of incidence all lie in the same plane. Option D describes refraction, not reflection. These laws hold for all reflecting surfaces (plane, curved). Memory tip: 'i = r and coplanar rays'. This definition-based question tests precise recall of fundamental optics laws, frequently examined in competitive exams. Always distinguish reflection laws (i=r) from refraction laws (Snell's law: n₁sin i = n₂sin r).

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Correct Answer: Option C


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Correct Answer: Option C


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