The organism that causes sleeping sickness is transmitted by: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Retroviruses (e.g., HIV) possess two copies of single-stranded RNA and the enzyme reverse transcriptase, which transcribes the RNA into DNA upon infection. This DNA integrates into the host genome. Other viruses may have dsDNA, ssDNA, or dsRNA, but the defining feature of retroviruses is the RNA genome and reverse transcription.

Explanation:
The Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) is the volume of fluid filtered from the renal glomerular capillaries into the Bowman's capsule per unit time. In a healthy adult, the normal GFR is approximately 125 ml per minute, which amounts to about 180 liters per day. Almost all of this filtrate is reabsorbed, leaving only 1.5 liters of urine.

Explanation:
The glomerulus is a tuft of fenestrated capillaries enclosed by the Bowman's capsule in the renal corpuscle. Blood is filtered under high pressure through the capillary walls into the Bowman's space. The filtrate then passes into the nephron tubules. Glomerular filtration is the first step in urine formation.