The phenomenon of total internal reflection requires the light to travel from:
A. Air to glass
B. Water to glass
C. Any medium to vacuum
D. Glass to air
Answer: Option D
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Total internal reflection (TIR) occurs only when light travels from denser medium to rarer medium (e.g., glass to air, water to air) and angle of incidence exceeds critical angle. Air to glass (A) causes refraction toward normal; water to glass (C) may or may not cause TIR depending on refractive indices; vacuum is rarer than any medium but TIR requires denser→rarer. Memory aid: 'TIR condition: denser→rarer AND i > θ_c'. This optics condition question is frequently tested in competitive exams. Always verify both conditions (medium order and angle) for TIR; competitive exams often test common misconceptions about direction of travel.
Explanation:
Diamonds are cut in such a way that light entering them hits multiple facets from the inside at an angle greater than the critical angle (which is very low for diamond, around 24.4°). This results in multiple total internal reflections, trapping light and forcing it out of specific faces, creating a brilliant sparkle.
The Chandrasekhar Limit is a fundamental concept in astrophysics that determines the ultimate fate of a star. It is specifically defined as the maximum mass of a:
Explanation:
Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar calculated that a White Dwarf star cannot support itself against gravitational collapse if its mass exceeds approximately 1.44 times the mass of our Sun. This is the Chandrasekhar limit. Stars above this mass limit will eventually collapse further into a dense neutron star or a black hole.
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