The process by which a bacterial cell takes up DNA from its environment is: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Bacteria are unicellular prokaryotes lacking a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Fungi are heterotrophic eukaryotes that lack chlorophyll and cannot perform photosynthesis. Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites that lack metabolic machinery and absolutely require a living host cell to replicate. Therefore, only statement 1 is correct.

Explanation:
Hypothyroidism in adults causes myxedema, characterized by puffy face, edema, lethargy, weight gain, and mental dullness. Goiter is an enlarged thyroid due to iodine deficiency but thyroxine may be normal or low. Cretinism is congenital hypothyroidism causing stunted growth and mental retardation. Acromegaly is due to excess growth hormone in adults.

Explanation:
Double fertilization is a unique feature of angiosperms. One male gamete fuses with the egg cell to form the diploid zygote (syngamy), which develops into the embryo. The second male gamete fuses with the diploid secondary nucleus (polar nuclei) of the central cell to form the triploid Primary Endosperm Nucleus (PEN), which develops into the endosperm.