The property of carbon to form bonds with itself is called:
A. Isomerism
B. Polymerisation
C. Tetravalency
D. Catenation
Answer: Option D
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Catenation is the ability of carbon atoms to form long chains, rings, and networks via covalent bonds. This leads to a vast number of organic compounds. Silicon also catenates but to lesser extent.
Explanation:
Water (H₂O) is a compound – a pure substance composed of two or more elements chemically combined in a fixed ratio. Oxygen is an element. Air is a mixture of gases. Steel is an alloy (mixture). Compounds can be broken down by chemical methods.
Explanation:
Gamma rays are electromagnetic waves with no rest mass and no charge, so they do not readily interact with matter via ionization compared to alpha and beta particles. They can penetrate deep into materials, requiring dense lead or thick concrete for shielding. Alpha and beta particles interact strongly via charge, losing energy quickly. Gamma rays are similar to X-rays but from nuclear origin.
Explanation:
Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) measures the amount of dissolved oxygen needed by aerobic organisms to break down organic material in water. Clean, unpolluted water has a low BOD, typically less than 5 ppm. Highly polluted water can have a BOD of 17 ppm or much higher, indicating severe organic contamination.
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