The term 'biological magnification' refers to: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
The pineal gland is a small endocrine gland in the brain that secretes melatonin, a hormone that regulates circadian rhythms and sleep-wake cycles. Melatonin production is influenced by light exposure: it increases in darkness and decreases in light. The pituitary is the master gland, thyroid regulates metabolism, adrenal secretes adrenaline.

Explanation:
The human heart is a four-chambered muscular organ consisting of two upper atria (receiving chambers) and two lower ventricles (discharging chambers), ensuring complete separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood. The lungs are a pair of spongy, air-filled organs located on either side of the chest, serving as the primary site for gas exchange (respiration). The brain, the control center of the nervous system, is encased and protected by the bony cranium (skull). All statements are correct.

Explanation:
Vitamin C deficiency causes scurvy, marked by bleeding gums, poor wound healing, and anemia. Vitamin A deficiency causes night blindness. Vitamin B₁ deficiency causes beriberi. Vitamin D deficiency causes rickets/osteomalacia. Pellagra is due to niacin deficiency. Thus, the correct match is Vitamin C - Scurvy.