BCG (Bacille Calmette-Guérin) is a live attenuated vaccine derived from Mycobacterium bovis, used to protect against tuberculosis, especially in children. DPT is for diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus; MMR for measles, mumps, rubella; OPV is oral polio vaccine. BCG is often administered at birth in endemic regions.
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Producers (green plants, algae, cyanobacteria) form the first trophic level, converting solar energy into biomass. Consumers depend on them.
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Alveoli are thin-walled air sacs where O₂ and CO₂ exchange occurs. The voice box is the larynx; diaphragm is skeletal muscle; pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood.
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The Bundle of His and Purkinje fibers are part of the electrical conduction system of the heart. The Bundle of His carries the electrical impulse from the atrioventricular (AV) node down the interventricular septum. It then divides into right and left bundle branches, which terminate in the Purkinje fibers. These fibers rapidly distribute the impulse throughout the ventricular myocardium, ensuring coordinated ventricular contraction.
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