The vitamin deficiency that leads to megaloblastic anemia is: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
In 1977, Keiichi Itakura and his colleagues at the City of Hope National Medical Center, in collaboration with Herbert Boyer's lab, successfully synthesized the gene for somatostatin (a hypothalamic hormone) and inserted it into E. coli. The bacteria then produced the somatostatin protein. This was a landmark achievement, as it was the first time a synthetic human gene was expressed in a bacterium to produce a functional human hormone, paving the way for the commercial production of insulin and other therapeutics.

Explanation:
Scurvy results from vitamin C deficiency, leading to bleeding gums, poor wound healing, and anemia. Vitamin A deficiency causes night blindness, D rickets, B₁ beriberi.

Explanation:
The esophagus is a muscular tube (about 25 cm) that propels swallowed food from the pharynx to the stomach via peristalsis. The trachea is the windpipe (air), larynx is the voice box, bronchus is a lung airway. The esophageal sphincters prevent reflux.