Which of the following cell organelles is capable of self-replication? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) are prokaryotes, possessing a nucleoid region but no true nucleus or membrane-bound organelles. Amoeba, yeast (fungus), and Paramecium are eukaryotes. Cyanobacteria perform oxygenic photosynthesis and some fix nitrogen, having chlorophyll a and phycobilins. They are classified under Kingdom Monera. Examples: Nostoc, Anabaena.

Explanation:
Erythropoietin (EPO), mainly from kidneys, promotes erythropoiesis in bone marrow. Thrombopoietin stimulates platelets, interleukins are immune cytokines, CSFs for white blood cells. EPO is used to treat anemia.

Explanation:
Innate (natural) immunity is non-specific, present at birth, and provides the first line of defense. It includes physical barriers (skin), phagocytes, and chemical defenses. Adaptive immunity is acquired and specific.