Which of the following is an auto-immune disease? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Question
Which of the following is an auto-immune disease?
A. Rheumatoid arthritis
B. Tetanus
C. Typhoid
D. Malaria
Answer: Option A
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks the synovial membranes of joints, causing inflammation and joint damage. Tetanus is bacterial (Clostridium tetani), typhoid is bacterial (Salmonella typhi), malaria is protozoan (Plasmodium). Autoimmune diseases result from failure of self-recognition by immune cells. Other examples: type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, lupus.
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Question #1
The scientist who proposed the 'chemiosmotic hypothesis' for ATP synthesis was:
A. Hans Krebs
B. Fritz Lipmann
C. Peter Mitchell
D. Melvin Calvin
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Peter Mitchell proposed the chemiosmotic theory (1961), explaining that a proton gradient across a membrane drives ATP synthesis. Krebs discovered the citric acid cycle, Calvin the Calvin cycle, Lipmann discovered coenzyme A.
This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #2
Which branch of biology deals with the study of bees?
A. Entomology
B. Malacology
C. Apiology
D. Myrmecology
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Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Apiology is the specific branch of zoology dedicated to the scientific study of bees, including their biology, ecology, and behavior. Malacology studies mollusks, myrmecology focuses on ants, and entomology is the broader study of all insects. Exam tip: Remember 'Api' relates to Apis, the genus of honeybees.
This question belongs to: Science Biology
Question #3
The disease caused by the bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheriae is:
A. Pertussis
B. Diphtheria
C. Tetanus
D. Typhoid
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Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Diphtheria affects the throat, forming a pseudomembrane, and releases a toxin affecting the heart and nerves. Tetanus is Clostridium, pertussis Bordetella, typhoid Salmonella.
This question belongs to: Science Biology
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