Which of the following nitrogenous wastes is the most toxic?
A. Urea
B. Ammonia
C. Creatinine
D. Uric acid
Answer: Option B
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Ammonia (NH₃) is highly toxic and requires large volumes of water for its excretion; hence it is produced by aquatic animals. Urea is less toxic, uric acid least toxic and water-insoluble. Creatinine is a minor waste. Ammonia is converted to urea in the liver via the urea cycle in ureotelic organisms.
Explanation:
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder marked by extracellular amyloid-beta plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles of tau protein, leading to memory loss and cognitive decline. Parkinson's involves dopamine neuron loss, multiple sclerosis demyelination, epilepsy seizures.
Explanation:
Rhinoceros unicornis is the binomial name of the Indian one-horned rhinoceros. Panthera uncia is the snow leopard, Elephas maximus the Asian elephant, Gavialis gangeticus the gharial. The genus Rhinoceros and species unicornis reflect its single horn. Binomial nomenclature ensures universal scientific recognition.
Explanation:
Vitamin E (Tocopherol) is a fat-soluble vitamin that acts primarily as a powerful antioxidant. It protects cell membranes from oxidative damage by neutralizing free radicals, which are unstable molecules that can damage cells. It also supports immune function and has anti-inflammatory properties. Deficiency is rare but can cause neurological problems and hemolytic anemia.
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