Which of the following statements about evolution is correct?
A. Darwin’s theory is based on inheritance of acquired characters.
B. Fossils show that life forms have changed over time.
C. Homologous organs have different basic structures.
D. Natural selection always leads to new species formation.
Answer: Option B
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Fossils provide a record of past life, showing changes. Homologous organs share common anatomy, Darwin proposed natural selection, Lamarck inheritance of acquired characters, natural selection can but not always lead to speciation.
Explanation:
Electroencephalography (EEG) records electrical activity of the brain via scalp electrodes. ECG is for heart, EMG for muscles, EchoCG ultrasound of heart.
Consider the following statements about the human kidneys:
1. They are located in the abdominal cavity.
2. They produce the hormone renin.
3. They filter approximately 180 liters of blood per day.
Which of the above is/are correct?
Explanation:
Kidneys are retroperitoneal, not in the abdominal cavity proper. They produce renin, and filter ~180 L/day (GFR ~125 mL/min). So 1 is incorrect.
Explanation:
Tetanus (lockjaw) is caused by a neurotoxin produced by Clostridium tetani, which enters through wounds and causes painful muscle spasms. Botulism is C. botulinum, gas gangrene C. perfringens, leprosy M. leprae.
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