Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) primarily acts on the kidney to:
A. Increase sodium excretion
B. Increase water reabsorption
C. Decrease potassium reabsorption
D. Increase glucose excretion
Answer: Option B
Solution (By JKSSB Mock Tests)
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH), also known as vasopressin, is released by the posterior pituitary in response to osmotic pressure or fluid loss. It acts primarily on the collecting ducts of the nephrons to increase water reabsorption by making them more permeable to water. This prevents diuresis (excessive urine production) and helps conserve body water.
Explanation:
Cardiac muscle cells are striated, branched, and connected by intercalated discs containing gap junctions for synchronized contraction. They are involuntary. Multinucleated syncytium is typical of skeletal muscle. Spindle-shaped non-striated cells characterize smooth muscle. Voluntary control is for skeletal muscle. Intercalated discs allow rapid ion passage, enabling the heart to function as a syncytium.
Explanation:
Marshall and Warren discovered H. pylori in 1982 and proved it causes peptic ulcers, earning the 2005 Nobel Prize. Koch discovered TB, Pasteur vaccines, Fleming penicillin.
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