Explanation:
Zinc is required for the synthesis, storage (as hexamers), and secretion of insulin in pancreatic beta cells. It also acts as a cofactor for numerous enzymes like carbonic anhydrase and DNA polymerases. Calcium is for bones/signaling, magnesium for ATP and chlorophyll, sodium for nerve impulses.
Explanation:
Emil Fischer proposed the lock-and-key model in 1894, suggesting that the enzyme's active site is exactly complementary to the substrate, like a key fits a lock. Koshland later proposed the induced fit model, which is more widely accepted. Michaelis and Menten developed enzyme kinetics equations.
Explanation:
Translation is the process where the genetic code carried by mRNA is decoded to synthesize a specific sequence of amino acids, forming a protein. This process occurs at the ribosomes in the cytoplasm. Ribosomes read the mRNA codons and match them with the anticodons of tRNA molecules carrying the corresponding amino acids.
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