Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) is a measure of: MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
The domesticated silkworm, Bombyx mori, is a monophagous insect that feeds exclusively on the leaves of the mulberry plant (Morus alba). Honeybees perform a 'waggle dance' on the honeycomb to communicate the direction and distance of food sources to other worker bees. Fish farming is called pisciculture or aquaculture; sericulture specifically refers to the rearing of silkworms for silk production. Thus, statements 1 and 2 are correct.

Explanation:
The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the systemic circulation via the superior and inferior vena cavae. It pumps blood to the right ventricle. The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs, the left ventricle pumps to the body, the right ventricle to the lungs.

Explanation:
Leptin is a hormone secreted by adipose tissue that signals the status of body fat stores to the brain. It acts primarily on the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of the hypothalamus. The ARC contains two key populations of neurons: one that co-expresses Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and Agouti-related peptide (AgRP), which stimulate appetite, and another that expresses Pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) and Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART), which suppress appetite. Leptin binds to receptors on these neurons, inhibiting the NPY/AgRP neurons and stimulating the POMC/CART neurons, thereby reducing appetite and increasing energy expenditure.