Consider statements about biotechnology: 1. Gene therapy aims to correct genetic defects. 2. Transgenic animals have foreign DNA in their genome. 3. Biopesticides are highly toxic to humans. Which are correct? MCQ with Answer and Explanation

Explanation:
A food chain is a linear sequence illustrating the transfer of energy and matter from one organism to another through consumption. A food web is a complex, interconnected network of multiple food chains, representing the realistic, multiple feeding relationships in an ecosystem. The pyramid of energy, which shows the amount of energy available at each trophic level, is always upright, never inverted, because energy is lost as heat at each transfer according to the 10% law. Thus, statements 1 and 2 are correct.

Explanation:
Louis Pasteur developed pasteurization (heating to kill spoilage organisms), vaccines for rabies and anthrax, and disproved spontaneous generation.

Explanation:
Stanley Miller and Harold Urey (1953) simulated primitive Earth conditions by mixing methane, ammonia, hydrogen, and water vapor and providing electric discharge (simulating lightning). They obtained amino acids (glycine, alanine, etc.), supporting the chemical origin of life hypothesis. It didn't produce proteins, DNA, or lipids directly. This experiment was crucial for abiogenesis theories.